三年级英语自然拼读练习
什么是自然拼读
自然拼读法是英美国家的孩子学习英语读音与拼写,提高阅读能力的教学方法,它通过直接学习 26 个字母及字母组合在单词中的发音规则,让学生在掌握这些规则后,能够快速准确地读出陌生单词,进而提升英语的听说读写能力,字母“a”在开音节中发[eɪ],像“cake”“name”等单词,看到单词就能根据规则读出来,而不是靠死记硬背每个单词的读音。
字母与发音基础
字母 | 发音 | 例词 |
---|---|---|
Aa | [æ](闭音节)[eɪ](开音节) | cat(猫),apple(苹果) |
Ee | [e](闭音节)[iː](开音节) | egg(鸡蛋),he(他) |
Ii | [ɪ](闭音节)[aɪ](开音节) | big(大的),like(喜欢) |
Oo | [ɒ](闭音节)[əʊ](开音节) | dog(狗),go(去) |
Uu | [ʌ](闭音节)[juː](开音节) | bus(公共汽车),use(使用) |
练习
- 写出下列单词中划线字母的发音。
- cap( ) - egg( ) - pig( )
- dog( ) - cup( ) - use( )
- 根据发音规则,补全单词。
- c_t(猫) - s_n(太阳) - b_g(大的)
- h_m(火腿) - l_ke(喜欢) - d_g(狗)
常见字母组合发音
字母组合 | 发音 | 例词 |
---|---|---|
bl | [bl] | blue(蓝色),black(黑色) |
br | [br] | bread(面包),brother(兄弟) |
cl | [kl] | clock(时钟),cloud(云) |
cr | [kr] | crab(螃蟹),crow(乌鸦) |
dr | [dr] | dress(裙子),drink(喝) |
fl | [fl] | flower(花),fly(飞) |
fr | [fr] | frog(青蛙),fruit(水果) |
gl | [gl] | glad(高兴的),glass(玻璃) |
gr | [gr] | green(绿色的),ground(地面) |
pl | [pl] | plate(盘子),play(玩) |
pr | [pr] | price(价格),pride(骄傲) |
sk | [sk] | skate(滑冰),ski(滑雪) |
sp | [sp] | spider(蜘蛛),sport(运动) |
st | [st] | star(星星),stop(停止) |
sw | [sw] | swim(游泳),sweet(甜的) |
tr | [tr] | tree(树),train(火车) |
tw | [tw] | two(二),twelve(十二) |
练习
- 选出划线部分发音不同的单词。
- ( )A. blue B. black C. bread
- ( )A. clock B. cloud C. crab
- ( )A. dress B. drink C. fruit
- ( )A. plate B. play C. price
- ( )A. star B. stop C. ski
- 根据单词含义,用正确的字母组合填空。
- ird(鸟) - s eep(睡觉) - s_ ring(春天)
- f y(苍蝇) - gr ass(草地) - sw_ m(游泳)
元音字母组合发音
元音字母组合 | 发音 | 例词 |
---|---|---|
ai | [eɪ] | rain(雨),paint(画画) |
ei | [eɪ] | eight(八),neighbor(邻居) |
ee | [iː] | see(看见),bee(蜜蜂) |
ea | [iː](开音节)[e](闭音节) | tea(茶),head(头) |
oa | [əʊ] | boat(船),coat(外套) |
oe | [əʊ] | hoe(锄头),shoe(鞋子) |
oo | [əʊ](开音节)[ʊ](闭音节) | balloon(气球),book(书) |
ou | [aʊ](如 out)[əʊ](如 house) | house(房子),mouse(老鼠) |
ui | [ɪ](如 juice)[aɪ](如 suit) | juice(果汁),suit(套装) |
练习
- 判断下列单词划线部分发音是否相同,相同的打“√”,不同的打“×”。
- rain paint( ) - see bee( )
- head tea( ) - boat coat( )
- book balloon( ) - house mouse( )
- 根据发音规则,写出单词。
- [eɪ] + r →( )(空气) - [iː] + t →( )(座位)
- [əʊ] + t →( )(小船) - [aʊ] + t →( )(
辅音字母组合发音进阶
辅音字母组合 | 发音 | 例词 |
---|---|---|
ch | [tʃ] | chair(椅子),chicken(鸡肉) |
sh | [ʃ] | ship(船),sheep(绵羊) |
th | [θ](清辅音,如 think)[ð](浊辅音,如 this) | three(三),that(那个) |
ph | [f] | phone(电话),photo(照片) |
wh | [w](如 what)[h](如 who) | what(什么),who(谁) |
ng | [ŋ] | sing(唱歌),ring(戒指) |
nk | [ŋk] | ink(墨水),think(思考) |
练习
- 选择正确读音。
- chair( )A. [sɪə] B. [tʃeə] C. [ʃeə]
- sheep( )A. [ʃiːp] B. [siːp] C. [θiːp]
- think( )A. [θɪŋk] B. [ðɪŋk] C. [tɪŋk]
- photo( )A. [fəʊtəʊ] B. [pəʊtəʊ] C. [zəʊtəʊ]
- what( )A. [wɒt] B. [hɒt] C. [wət]
- 根据句意和发音规则,填入所缺字母。
- I have a new air.(椅子) - The hip is on the sea.(船)
- He can ink of three ideas.(思考) - Look at the white ait.(船)
综合练习与阅读拓展
练习
- 阅读短文,判断正误。
My name is Lily. I like animals. I have a cat. It's black and white. It can climb trees. I also have a dog. It's brown. It can run fast. One day, I take them to the park. They are very happy.
- Lily has a cat and a dog.( )
- The cat is brown and white.( )
- The dog can climb trees.( )
- They go to the zoo.( )
- 根据图片和首字母提示,写出单词完成句子。
- This is my f (朋友). He is t ( tall ) and strong.
- Look! There is a b (船) on the r (河流).
阅读拓展
Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Red Riding Hood. She lived with her grandmother in a forest. One day, her mother asked her to take some food to her grandmother. On her way, she met a big bad wolf. The wolf wanted to eat her, but he had an idea. He went to the grandmother's house and ate the grandmother. Then he dressed up like the grandmother and waited for Red Riding Hood. When Red Riding Hood came, she found something was wrong. She thought quickly and cut open the wolf's stomach. The grandmother jumped out. Then some hunters came and killed the wolf. From then on, Red Riding Hood and her grandmother lived happily together.
问题与解答
问题 1:自然拼读法对三年级学生学习英语到底有多重要? 解答:对于三年级学生来说,自然拼读法至关重要,它能帮助学生快速准确地读出单词,减少对音标的依赖,提高学习效率,学生掌握了字母组合“ph”发[f]的规则,遇到“phone”“photo”等单词就能轻松读出,增强学习自信心,为后续的英语学习,如阅读、写作等打下坚实基础,让学生不再觉得背单词是枯燥无味的事,而是有规律可循。
问题 2:孩子在学习自然拼读时,总是混淆一些发音怎么办? 解答:这是正常现象,可以通过制作发音卡片,一面写字母组合,一面写发音和例词,随时拿出来复习巩固,还可以利用一些有趣的小游戏,如“听音辨字母组合”,老师说出发音,让学生快速找出对应的字母组合卡片,多读一些简单的英语读物,在语境中强化对发音的记忆,随着接触的增多,孩子就能逐渐区分清楚容易